Chapter 1 Study Guide

Types of Maps:
-physical: physical features e.g. land
-political: countries
-thematic: theme e.g. resources

5 Themes of Geography:
-location: based on longitude and latitude
-place: describes human & environment characteristics
-movement: ideas, people, goods move e.g. trade
-region: similar to place but bigger
-human & environment interactions: how people adapt the environment, vice versa

6 Essential Elements: help geographers understand people, environment, places, and earth
-spatial terms: study of locations of places – helps geographers understand physical and human patterns
-places and regions: comparison of places’ characteristics
-physical systems: the study of changes in earth’s surface - shows why people choose to in certain places
-human systems: study of human settlement patterns - helps to explain human life styles and interactions
-environment and society: study of how people use interact with the environment and how they use their resources
-uses of geography: study of patterns and processes in the world – helps to understand past and future plans

What is culture? :
1. History, tradition, religion, government, costumes, education, trade, environment, nature, everything around us, etc.

Additional Vocabulary:
- geography – study of people, places, and environments
- environment – physical surroundings of a location
- spatial – referring to where a place is located and its physical relationship to other places, people, or environments
- surveyor – a person who measures the land
- remote sensing – obtaining information about a site by using an instrument that is not physically in contact with the site
- Landsat – a series of information – gathering satellites that orbit above earth
- global positioning system (GPS) – a system that uses a network of earth – obtaining satellites to pinpoint location
- geographic information system (GIS) – a computer – or internet – based mapping technology
- database – a collection of information that can be analyzed


Geography’s Jobs:
- location analyst – a person who studies an area to find the best location for a client
- urban planner – a person who creates plans for developing and improving parts of a city
- climatologist – a geographer who studies climates
- geomorphology – the study of how the shape of the earth changes
- cartographer – a geographer who creates maps

How to read a map:
1. Compass, scale, legend, resources, elevation

Tools
Global positioning system (GPS)
Geographic information system (GIS)
Remote sensing
Map
Irrigation system